April-June 2021
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Soil assessment for agricultural uses: Case study, selected localities from Wadi Feiran
basin, Southwestern Sinai, Egypt
Khaled A. Abdel- Halim, El Shawadfi T.M.M and Abd El-Maboud I.M.A.
ABSTRACT:
Wadi Feiran basin lies at the southwestern part of Sinai Peninsula. The considered mega drainage
pattern mainly granitic, volcanic, metamorphic, and sedimentary country rocks. The present work aims
to study a numbers of parameters to evaluate the soil of Wadi Feiran for agriculture purposes. To
achieve this study, thirteen soil profiles and twenty-five water samples were collected during Jan., 2020
from the studied localities and water wells along Feiran basin. All the characteristic and
physicochemical parameters of soil (TDS, EC, PH, Na + , Mg +2 , Ca +2 , K + , Cl - , SO4 -2 , CaCO 3- , HCO 3- ,
SAR, eU, eTh, eK, eRa, Ba, Pb, Nb, V, Rb, Y, Sr, Ga, Zr, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, soil texture, soil water content
and organic matter content) as well as groundwater samples were analyzed. The physicochemical
parameters of the studied soils showed that, most soil texture of Wadi Feiran soil was sand (59.65% to
91.28%), it have low contents of water and organic matter (0.9-9.9 mg/L), safe limit of radioactivity eU
(1-14 ppm) and moderate limits of major ions, TDS (22.4-5564.8 mg/L), PH and EC and low to
moderate limit of trace elements except zirconium, barium and chromium. Therefore Wadi Feiran
studied soils considered one of the most promising soil profiles for agriculture uses especially those
crops that don’t need to large quantities of water due to the habit of soil texture especially at the upper
and middle sectors of stream channels.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 368-383 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.30
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Structural Features and Incremental Stress History of the Granites of Wadi Dara
Area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt
Hassan El Sundoly
ABSTRACT:
Wadi Dara area, located at the North Eastern Desert of Egypt, is covered by metavolcanics, diorites,
granodiorites, Dokhan volcanic, Hammamat sediments and younger granites. Brittle tectonic analysis
on the younger granites of Gabal (G.) Dara and G. Umm Swassi have been carried out on 637 field
measurements in 22 sites, using Win-Tensor computer program. Analysis of fault slip data revealed that
232 faults (36.4 %) are of extensional (normal), and 405 faults (63.6 %) belong to compressional and
allowed computation of 78 paleostress tensors. These tensors are distinguished as 27 tensors
corresponding to extensional faulting and 51 tensors corresponding to compressional faulting. The
structural elements of younger granites of Gabal Dara and Gabal Umm Swassi were statistically treated
and stress analyses were carried out on these structural data to delineate the paleostresses, affected the
granites. These granites are subjected to four compressional and four extensional phases. The four
compressional phases can be grouped into four main events as the following: E-W to WNW-ESE, NE-
SW to ENE-WSW, NW-SE to NNW-SSE and N-S to NNE-SSW compressional events. While the four
extensional phases can be grouped into also four main events as the following: N-S to NNE-SSW, NW-
SE to NNW-SSE, NE-SW to ENE-WSW and E-W to WNW-ESE extensional event. Significant
radioactive anomalies are detected in pegmatites of the younger granites, which occur along NE-SW
trend. Radiometric survey for most of these pegmatites gives abnormal measurements reach up to 6000
cps with U content ranging from 600ppm to 900ppm. In these pegmatites, radioactive minerals,
recognized under Scanning Electron Microscope, are ishikawaite (U-rich variety of samarskite group)
thorite, uranothorite, zircon and allanite. The structural studies at these anomalies of pegmatites
indicated that the NW-SE extensional event is the main role for the crystallization of uranium
mineralization in the study area.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 384-399 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.31
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Amino Acids and its Role in Plant Nutrition and Crop Production. A review
El-Nasharty A.B., A.I. Rezk and S. S. El-Nwehy
ABSTRACT:
The importance of important amino acids in increasing crop yield and overall quality is well understood.
Amino acid helps in auxin synthesis stimulant for plant growth, stimulates photosynthesis and plays an
important role in the early maturity, resistance the stress conditions such as heat, cold, drought and
salinity. Also increasing the growth, yield and proper ripening of fruits. In addition, increases the speed
of biological processes within the plant, and disease resistance. Amino acids have been shown in studies
to affect the physiological processes of plants, either directly or indirectly. Amino acid foliar nutrition
improved grain wheat yield by 0.24-0.43 t ha -1 and grain protein content by 0.63-0.74 percentage points.
In addition, grain wet gluten value by 5.5 % and sedimentation volume increased by 11.3 %. However,
tomato yield increased by 27%, fruit setting by 28%, plant height 41%, leaf area 24% and total
chlorophyll content by 44% due to amino acid foliar feeding, the same trend was observed on pepper
yield which reached to 76% increment. Foliar application with tryptophan increased orange fruits yields
by 30%, number of fruits 3%, fruit weight 50% and fruit size 46%. Drought, salinity, chilling, freezing,
and high temperatures are all common adverse growth conditions for plants. These stresses can stall
growth and development, lowering productivity. Plants receive amino acids relevant to stress
physiology when amino acids are applied before, during, and after stress conditions, which has a
preventing and recovering effect.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 400-413 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.32
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An Investigation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Opuntia Stricta Fruit
Peels
El-Dreny E.G., Gomaa, M.M and Gomaa, M.A.
ABSTRACT:
The aim of this study was to look into the benefit of using prickly pear (Opuntia stricta) fruit peels as
a source of dietary fibre, minerals, unsaturated fatty acids, phenols, flavonoids, total phenols, total
flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and the impact of adding them to baked goods. In addition to investigate
the antimicrobial effect, sensorial evaluation characteristics of these peels at different levels, which are
considered plant excrement, plus storage time of the cupcake at room temperature. On the contrary, it
is worth noting that increasing the percentage of peels powder enhanced the sensorial properties of the
cupcakes. Results also showed that peels of prickly pear fruits had an inhibitory effect on microbial
growth and on it; findings suggest the importance of using prickly pear peels to improve and raise the
nutritional, microbial, and sensory consistency of bakery products.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 414-420 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.33
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Increase of Biomass in Some Aquatic Plants Grow under Stress with Using
Alternative Sources of Water and Use It as Contamination Indicators
Georgena Wahib Rizk Gabra
ABSTRACT:
Living organisms are distributed in ideal ecosystems in balanced proportions without prejudice to the
existence of each other. The "Eutrophication" phenomena that means biomass aggravation increment
of some aquatic plants occurs when increase the dietary excess by organic, inorganic nutrients and
elements in water bodies because of sewage water 'wastewater' leakage into them. These aquatic
macrophytes play a major role in conservation of the aquatic ecosystem or even aesthetically for some
aquarium, ponds and artificial lakes as a part of the botanical gardens, water parks, fish farms and it
may spread a lot in slowly flowing canals and rivers. The purpose of this study is to estimate the rates
of increase in plants biomass produced under stress of using alternative water sources. Also, using these
macrophytes as contamination biomarkers and in phyto-remediation process and what’s for/on it and
its impact in/on its presence in fresh water bodies. The most important of these macrophytes are Pistia
stratiotes "water lettuce" as floating plant and Ceratophyllum demersum as submerged one. The
experiment was carried out in open field of El- Harrery village, El Montaza, at the east of Alexandria,
Egypt, during two successive summer seasons 2014 & 2015 for 28, 34 days for each plant respectively.
The plant samples were obtained from the National Center for Oceanography and Fisheries, El-
Anfoushi, Quiet Bay, Alexandria, Egypt. The means of initial weights of plants were average at 47g
and 32g wet weight for each plant respectively. The treatments media were Tap Water as a control [TW]
- Primary Treated Domestic Wastewater [PTW 15%, 25%] - Ground Well Water [GWW 15%, 25%] -
Mix 15%, 25% [TW+PTW+GWW] from full volume 2.5 L of plastic Jars. The treatments were
increased by the same concentration when the water evaporated. The results reached to highly
significant differences between treatments in vegetative growth parameters, chemical constituents [total
chlorophyll, N, P, K in plants tissues]and Na, Cd and Pb in plants treated with PTW 25%, sediment
determination and water quality tests [color and turbidity] before and after the same treatment. The
treatment of PTW 25% proved its superiority in most vegetative growth parameters in both plants, but
it caused that the fastest growing and the most degraded in water lettuce plant. Thus, it can be
recommended that these plants can be released as pollution indicators and monitored in their
environment and use this in phytoremediation process.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 421-434 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.34
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Effect of nitrogen sources on the vegetative growth and the chemical analysis contents
of ornamental palms of Arenga pinnata and Butia capitata palms
Eman M.M. Zayed and Maiada M. El Dawayati
ABSTRACT:
Ornamental palms are one of the most important components of tropical, subtropical, and warm
temperate climate landscapes. Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) and Pindo palm (Butia capitata (Mart.),
have great economic values and they are excellent palm trees for landscapes. Meanwhile, palm growth
and quality are greatly affected by nutritional deficiencies. Different nitrogen sources may be preferred
for use with different plant species. Since there is not enough information about fertilization treatments
for most of ornamental palms, especially at early growth stages under local conditions in Egypt.
Therefore, the objectives of this study are to identify the most appropriate type of nitrogen sources to
fertilize ornamental palms of Arenga pinnata and Butia capitate for improving vegetative growth and
successful establishment stage in transplanted from containers. Three different sources of nitrogen as
ammonium sulfate at 5 g/pot, potassium nitrate at 3g/pot, and urea at 2 g/pot, were applied. The results
revealed that vegetative growth parameters and chemical analysis contents of the studied palms, varied
among the three treatments of nitrogen sources, the highest value of plant height, number of leaves,
fresh and dry weights of leaves and roots achieved with potassium nitrate at 3g/pot. The highest values
of chemical content, increased progressively by potassium nitrate and ammonium sulfate as compared
with urea. It can be recommended to use potassium nitrate at 3g/pot or ammonium sulfate at 5 g/pot to
improve the vegetative growth characteristics of the two ornamental palm plants.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 435-455 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.35
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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
Noura El-Sayed, Mohamed Rizk and Magdy Attia
ABSTRACT:
Zinc oxide nanoparticles were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against some food borne
microorganisms including Gram - positive, Gram - negative bacteria and filamentous fungi, Aspergillus
fumigatus and Fusarium verticillioides using agar plate diffusion method. Enzymatic activities were
also determined. The results revealed that the ZnONPs have a remarkable inhibition effect on growth
of two bacterial species (E. coli and S. aureus), whereas P aeruginosa appeared to be resistant to
nanoparticles. Also, growth of the tested fungi reduced significantly with increasing the concentration
of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Enzymatic activities of bacteria such as amylase and lipase were
significantly decreased at all concentrations used, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml. Similar observations were
recorded with the tested fungi.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 446-451 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.36
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Microtextures Studies on Quartz Grains Surface from Mesozoic Silica Sand in
Elzafrana area, Eastern Desert, Egypt
Ramag Ahmed Osman
ABSTRACT:
Scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) analyses of quartz grains from mesozoic silica sand in Elzafrana
area, revealed variations in surface textures. The results of this study reveal the existence of
distinguished surface features that reflect the effect of mechanical and chemical actions on the quartz
grains.This study determines the qualitative microtextural fingerprint of quartz sand grains deposited in
Elzafrana, and compares that fingerprint to the fingerprints sediments of uncertain genesis, Aeolian,
fluvial, mass-wasting, and other processes all create combinations of microtextures on quartz sand grain
surfaces that are unique in the types. These combinations of microtextures record the paleo-
environmental history of the study area from which the grains were derived; the various forms of
fractures and post-fracture surface alterations found on quartz sand grain surfaces should therefore
provide useful evidence of climate and other environmental aspects of the sand grain’s history.
Variations in quartz surface textures were detected due to the texture created by mechanical processes
was predominating. Abundant abrasion features like V-shaped pits, and linear and curved grooves
usually give evidence of transport in a fluvial medium. On levels with intensive reworking and
redeposition preliminary relief of grains was smoothed and obliterated. The diagnostic dissolution
features were more, where intercalation of dolomites and siliciclastic rocks is common. Possible
chemical etching in quartz was observed and fluid effects were responsible for barite precipitation as
included in quartz grain. The variability helps to clarify the history of basin evolution and to distinguish
different conditions in deposition.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 452-460 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.37
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Effect of Gamma Irradiation on flowering Characters and aspects in anatomical
structure of Helichrysum bracteatum L.
Rawia A. Eid, Hashish Kh., M.A. El-Khateeb, H.A. Ashour and R.M.S. Radwan
ABSTRACT:
Two experiment were carried out on Helichrysum bracteatum L. plant at the Experimental nursery of
the Ornamental Hort. Dept., Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt, during the two successive seasons
(2014/15and 2015/16). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gamma irradiation
flowering parameters and anatomical structure of leaves and flowers in two generations (M1and
M2).The obtained results showed the following: Seeds of H. bracteatum L. were exposed to eight doses
of gamma radiation (5- 40 Gy). The low doses of gamma radiation increased No. of flowers and flowers
diameter per plant in M1 and M2. Were obtained on many morphological variations in flowers color
and leaves shape through two generations with doses 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 Gy. Some flowering
parameters and anatomical structure of leaves and flowers and to confirm the stability of some of the
mutations were obtained during the second season. The variants of these selections were selection from
plants treated with (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 Gy) of gamma rays.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 461-471 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.38
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Irrigation Intervals Capacity and Acorbic Acid Treatments on Optimize Growth, and
Chemical Constituents of Tecoma Capensis L. Plants
Nahed G. Abdel-Aziz, Mona H. Mahgub, Azza A. Mazher, Mona A. Darwish and
Ahmed S. Abdel-Aal
ABSTRACT:
The present study was carried out at the Ornamental Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture,
Cairo University, Giza, during the two successive seasons of 2014 and 2015 in order to enhancement
the growth of Tecoma plants grown under different concentrations of foliar application of ascorbic acid
(200 and 400 ppm) and irrigation intervals (3, 5 and 7 days). The results showed that irrigation intervals
at 3 days gave the highest values of all growth parameters except root length, fresh and dry weight of
roots which increased when plants were treated with irrigation intervals at 7 days. The same treatment
increased the chemical constituents except N% in roots, P% in branches and roots, K% in branches and
roots, carbohydrates % in roots. Application of ascorbic acid at 400 ppm gave the highest values of the
most growth parameters and chemical constituents, followed by ascorbic acid at 200 ppm. The
application of ascorbic acid at 400 ppm under irrigation intervals at 3 days gave the highest values of
growth parameters and chemical constituents in both seasons.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 472-480 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.39
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ASTER Data and mineral studies for mapping the alteration zones at Wadi Sibrit-Wadi Urf Abu Hamam area, South Eastern Desert, Egypt
Nehal M.A. Soliman, Hatem M. El-Desoky, Mohamed El Rahmany M. Mohamed,
Hamed Maira and Wael Fahmy
ABSTRACT:
This study aims at mapping the alteration zones and the altered minerals in the exposed rocks of Wadi
Sibrit-Wadi Urf Abu Hamam area. The processed ASTER images in varied approaches, supported by
field geology as well as mineralogical studies help in differentiating the types of alteration zones from
their host rocks. Chloritization, kaolinitization, and sericitization and epidotization are the main types
of alterations detected, associating with the related altered minerals eg; chlorite, kaolinite, sericite, llite,
alunite, epidote, quartz, and montmorillonite. The high lineament density areas are marked by the
extensively alterations due to the mineral bearing hydrothermal solutions activities along the abundant
fractures, suggesting a suitable environment for mineral exploration in such areas. The mineral
investigation of the selected samples from the alteration zones reveals presence of sulphide minerals
such as pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena; and iron oxides as magnetite, ilmenite, and goethite forming valid
host minerals for gold exploration in these alteration zones. Some accessory minerals of albite, calcite,
lepidolite, rutile, barite, zircon, thorite, monazite, and brookite were found. The study area is built of
metavolcanics intruded by metagabbros, Quartz diorite and tonalite rocks. The Dokhan volcanics,
hornblende granites, quartz monzogranites and alkali feldspar granites are exposed in separate and
linked masses. Various dykes of different compositions of bostonite, trachyte, dacite, and quartz veins
are crosscutting the country rocks in the study area. Meanwhile, dismembers of Phanerozoic rocks
represented by lower Nubia sandstones, Natash volcanic and Upper Nubia sandstones.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 481-502 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.40
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Preparation and Evaluation High-Quality Gluten-Free Flat Bread
I: Effect of Using Improvers on the Chemical and Physical Properties
Manal H. Abd-Elkader, Nahed S. Yousef and Samah A.T. Abu El-maaty
ABSTRACT:
The vision to eat free gluten bread similar to wheat bread is still a dream to free gluten patients. This
research focused on finding and implementing gluten for developing gluten-free high-quality
commercial bread for celiac patients. Gluten-free flour from different sources, such as rice flour (R),
corn flour (C), millet powder (M), flax seeds powder (F), rice bran (B), and potato powder (P), and
improvers such as okra, guar gum, and xanthan gum, whey protein and white egg were examined. These
ingredients were trialed in different combinations and compositions to produce a dough having the
ability to trap the carbon dioxide gas during proofing and baking to get high-quality gluten-free
flatbread. A specific combination of FRP, MRP, and BCRP was made. The ingredients and their
compositions were manipulated according to the outcomes of the trials and their contribution to the
formulations. The chemical composition of the tested gluten-free flour and the physical properties of
flatbread were determined. The results presented that, high fiber, protein, and fat content were found in
flaxseed powder and okra improver, while, the high ash content found in rice bran. The high viscosity
and water absorption capacity (WAC) values were found in gluten-free bread formula (MRP, FRP, and
BCRP) with okra improver followed by xanthan & guar gum, whey protein, and white egg. On the
reverse, the baking weight loss was lower in MRP, FRP, and BCRP of gluten-free formula with okra
improver flowed by xanthan & guar gum. While the improvers whey protein and white egg had the high
baking weight loss in the same bread samples. The results showed that adding okra at different levels
led to increase the viscosity and water absorption capacity and reduced baking loss in gluten free
flatbread compared to the other used improvers. rocks represented by lower Nubia sandstones, Natash
volcanic and Upper Nubia sandstones.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 503-513 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.41
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Preparation and evaluation high quality free gluten flat bread
II: Effect of using improvers on freshness, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation
Manal H. Abd-Elkader, Nahed S. Yousef and Samah A.T. Abu El-maaty
ABSTRACT:
From a commercial perspective, there is a need for the development of gluten-free bread with texture
and flavor properties similar to conventional wheat flour bread. Appearance, texture, taste, and odor in
free gluten bread are poor as compared to wheat bread. Free gluten bread staled in few hours and has
low freshness than wheat bread. This research tried to produce high-quality free gluten bread in
sensorial and texture properties as well as extend freshness. Six different sources of gluten-free flours,
rice flour (R), corn flour (C), millet seed powder (M), flax seed powder (F), rice bran (B), and potato
powder (P) were selected. Five improvers as okra, guar gum, and xanthan gum, whey protein, and white
egg were examined to obtain different combinations and compositions of free gluten flatbread. The
moisture content, water activity, texture profile analysis, freshness, and sensory properties of gluten-
free flatbread were determined. The obtained results observed that moisture content and water activity
increased by increasing improver levels in all formulas. The okra improver recorded the highest
moisture contents at zero time and the lowest decreasing rate after 48h of storage. The freshness of all
gluten-free bread samples was increased by increasing improver’s levels at zero time. The highest water
retention capacity was in okra followed by xanthan and guar gum mixture improvers at zero time and
after 48h in all bread samples. Hardness, gumminess, and chewiness decrease by increased improvers
levels and increased gradually by storage time. Using okra and a mixture of xanthan & guar gum
improvers in different levels enhanced all parameters of sensory gluten-free flatbread. Higher overall
acceptability values were in MRP, FRP, and BCRP with 7 g okra (99.17, 96.33, and 94.67, respectively).
There is no raw material, additives, or ingredients that can completely substitute gluten, but the
combination of different raw materials, ingredients, and proper production technologies could promote
the production of the gluten-free product of good quality. The results showed that adding okra at
different levels led to increase in water activity, freshness, water retention capacity and enhanced
sensory attribute of the gluten free flatbread compared to other used improvers.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 514-530 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.42
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Zinc in the Soil and Its Importance for the Plants and Human Health. An integrated
review
El-Sayed A.A., El-Dahshouri M.F. , El Masry M.F.A., Hassan H.S.A. and Darwish
M.A.
Abstract:
Zinc as an essential element plays an important role in the balanced integrated nutrition of plants. It is
an important microelement for improving the yield and quality of agricultural products, and hence
improves animals and human health. Zinc has special physiological functions in all living organisms,
such as maintaining the structural and functional integrity of biological membranes, facilitating protein
synthesis, gene expression, enzyme synthesis, energy production and the Krebs cycle. Zn deficiency is
a universal problem of great importance for agriculture and human health, as a lack of zinc element in
the soils reduces crop productivity and qualities, because of the imbalance caused in many physiological
functions dependent on zinc and are unable to function normally. The soil factors viz., pH, organic
matter, clay percentage, calcium carbonate content are consider as the most important factors that
affecting the availability of zinc to plants. Zinc availability in the soils is greatly affected by their total
zinc content, organic matter contents, soil moisture status, microbial activity in the rhizosphere, redox
conditions, and concentrations of other macro and microelements, especially copper, phosphorus and
nitrogen. In arid and semi-arid regions, calcareous soils (rich in calcium carbonate) are widespread,
which is distinguished by low zinc availability and consequently low zinc availability and uptake by
plants. As zinc is an active element in the biochemical processes, and there are chemical and biological
interactions between Zn and some other elements such as phosphorus, iron, copper and nitrogen. Zinc
deficiency considered as the most widespread micro nutrient deficiencies in crops and pastures
worldwide, which affecting plant growth and causes large losses in crop production and quality. Zn
visible deficiency symptoms could be one or more of the following symptoms: interveinal chlorosis,
necrotic, bronzing, rosetting of leaves, stunting of plants, dwarf leaves and malformed leaves. Around
half of the world's cereal crops are cultivated on zinc-deficient soils; as a result, zinc deficiency in
animals and humans is a widespread problem. In many parts of the world zinc deficiency in the early
stages of a human's life impaired physical growth, neuro development, brain function, memory, and
learning ability. Severe zinc deficiency in human's is characterized by stunting, lack of normal sexual
development, impaired immune response, skin disorders, hair loss, loss of appetite, and weak body
muscles. Recently, elemental zinc is considered as potential supportive treatment in the therapy of
COVD-19 infection. The recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) for zinc as recommended by the Dietary Office of the National Institutes of Health are: 2-3 mg per day for infants, 5 mg per day for
children, 8-11 mg per day for adolescents and adults, and 11-13 mg per day for pregnant and lactating
women.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 531-569 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.43
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Reducing Some Abiotic Stress Factors Effect on Valencia Orange Tree Growth and
Productivity under Middle Egypt Conditions
Randa E.Y. Habasy, Huda M.H. Ismaiel and Abd Al Rahman M. Abd Al Rahman
Abstract:
This study was conducted during 2018 and 2019 seasons, to elucidate the effect of single and combined
applications of glutathione, ascorbic acid and citric acid each at three different concentrations; 250, 500
and 1000 ppm on growth characters, nutritional status, yield, physical and chemical characteristics of
Valencia orange trees. No doubt single applications of glutathione, ascorbic and citric acid improved
the most of parameters under study. But the combined of each at high concentration (1000 ppm) were
very effective in stimulating growth characteristics and nutritional status of the trees and improving
yield and fruit quality of Valencia orange trees relative to the check treatment. Using these compounds
together was more effective than using each alone. Therefore, to improve the yield and fruit quality of
Valencia orange grown under Bani- Suef conditions, it is recommended to foliar spray the trees three
times, just after fruit setting (the 1st week of May) and two months, intervals (the 1st week of July and
September) with a mixture containing glutathione, ascorbic acid and citric acid each at 1000 ppm.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 570-578 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.44
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Cardiac Protective Effect of Terminalia muelleri Extract in Rat Model of Diabetes
Mellitus
Sawsan Ahmed Nasr and Mona Saber Hamed
ABSTRACT:
Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes.
The present study aims to evaluate the cardiac protective effect of Terminalia muelleri (TM) in
diabetic rats. Treatment of diabetic rats with a daily oral dose of (TM) extract (200 mg/kg b.wt) or
pioglitazone tablet (1.58 mg/kg b.wt) for four weeks resulted in a significant decrease in the glucose,
total cholesterol (TC), triglycride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),
malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate amino transferase (AST) and creatin kinase-MB (CK-MB)
activities as well as homocysteine (Hcy) and troponin-1 (cTn-1) levels in association with a
significant increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, glutathione (GSH) content
and nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) level when compared with diabetic rats.
These data suggest that TM might be an effective antidiabetic agent in the prevention of diabetic
complication. TM extract could help in combating against oxidation damage in cardiac tissue.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 579-588 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.45
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Essential oil content and composition of endemic Origanum syriacum ssp. sinaicum
and it’s antimicrobial activity
M. Abd El-Motaleb, Asmaa R. Abd El-Hameid, Wafaa A. Helmy, E.A. Ewais and M.
S. Abdel-Hady
ABSTRACT:
Numerous endemic plants grow naturally in Egypt especially in South Sinai Peninsula at Saint
Katherine protectorate, one of those important plants is Origanum syriacum ssp. Sinaicum. Leaves of
Origanum plants have an important role in both modern and folk medicine due to their secondary
metabolites (Essential oil). The essential oil yield quantity of O. syriacum hydro-distilled through
Clevenger apparatus was 6.5 %. The chemical compositions of the essential oil obtained by
hydrodistillation were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Major
component of GC-MS analysis essential oil detected as oxygenated monoterpenes was carvacrol
(95.37 %). The essential oil of O. syriacum leaves was found to possess antibacterial activity against
Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria and antifungal activity against Candida albicans.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 589-594 ] DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.46
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