Different Breast Lesion Consistency in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Egyptian Women and Its Relation to Anthropometric Measurements

Abstract

Background/aim: Breast lesion differs in consistency and features between premenopausal and postmenopausal women, menopause is a significant risk factor. For breast lesions, anthropometry is one of the few risk variables that may be changed. There is an ongoing debate over the relationship between the menopausal state and obesity. It is believed to be a key factor in the development of cancer breast, which is the most common malignancy in women worldwide and the main cause of death. Fibroadenoma is thought to be one of the most prevalent types of benign breast lesions. The relationship between anthropometric measurements and the risk of breast lesions is still up for debate in the literature and is impacted by a variety of factors, including; menopause, lifestyle, ethnicity, and reproduction. Aims of this study: Identifying breast lesions consistency; benign or malignant in pre-& postmenopausal women and finding its anthropometric measurements relation. Subject and Methods: This study was a prospective cross-sectional. A gynaecologist recruited 800 Egyptian women with breast lesions. Depending on whether they were menstruating, the participants were divided into two groups. Ages 30-45 for the pre-menopausal group and 45-65 for the post-menopausal group. Then, according to BMI, they were classified into three groups: normal weight (no. = 245) (130 pre-menopausal & 115 post-menopausal), overweight (no. = 265) (140 pre-menopausal & 125 post-menopausal), and obese (no. = 290) (130 pre-menopausal & 160 post-menopausal). Results: Both the age and the prevalence of females with a high BMI (obesity) were considerably higher in post-menopausal patients. The weight and height of the normal-weight and overweight groups had insignificant differences. The waist and hip circumferences of post-menopausal women were considerably greater than those of pre-menopausal women. There was an insignificant change at the WHR between both groups. BMI had a statistically significant negative correlation with benign breast lesions in pre-menopause women and a statistically significant positive correlation with malignant lesions in post-menopausal women. In addition, waist circumference had a statistically positive significant correlation with malignant lesion in both pre and post-menopausal women. Conclusion: Pre-menopausal Egyptian women were more likely to have benign breast lesions, while post-menopausal women were more likely to have malignant breast disease. The effects of obesity differ in both of them. According to this study, post-menopausal women who are obese have a higher risk of developing malignant breast lesions. A large waist circumference is also linked to an increased risk of malignant breast lesions, which highlights the significance of taking this into account.