Study the Efficiency of Some Biological Nitrogen Fixers and Mineral Nitrogen Levels on Growth and Productivity of Wheat under Siwa Conditions

Abstract

This study was carried out in north western desert of Egypt in sandy loam soil of Tegzerty region, at Siwa Oasis region to study efficiency of some biological nitrogen fixers and mineral Nitrogen levels on growth and productivity of wheat under Siwa conditions in two seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. This soil was salinity, had an EC of 4.63dSm-1 in the paste extraction and irrigated with
water of 1.65dSm-1. Tegzerty region at Siwa Oasis, located at 29º 11' 32" N and 25º 32' 09'' E. Wheat (Triticum aesitivum var. Sakha93) was the test plant. The investigated crop was sown in the in plots (3×4m) in rows. The mineral fertilizers was applied as a general treatment using three rates of 50, 75 and 100 kg N/fed. as NH4NO3 while one rate for 30kgP2O5 super phosphate (15.5%P2O5) and 40
kg K2O as potassium sulfate. The bio-fertilizers were Cyanobacteria, Rhizobium and Azospirillium with double and third mixed between theirs. Obtained results showed a positive effect for biofertilization treatments and N mineral fertilizers dose on total microbial counts and microbial activities in wheat rhizosphere. On another side, Yield components of wheat were increased with increasing rates of mineral nitrogen levels with applied bio-fertilizers , the superior treatment for higher effect on yield components of wheat was mixed biofertilization treatments at 100kgN/fed .While , regarding the effect of biofertilization treatment on yield parameters of wheat as following the Azospirillium recording most powerful followed by Rhizobium then Cyanobacteria while mineral N increase yield parameters with increase rates of N levels . The integration between bio and N fertilizers were achieved highest yield components of wheat plant. The superior treatment was Mixed biofertilization treatments with (100kg N/fed) which achieved the highest values of yield components in wheat during two seasons. Biofertilization treatment and Mineral nitrogen fertilizer positively affected nutrients contents during two seasons, but heavy metal content were negatively affected. The mixed biofertilization treatment and higher N mineral rates was higher effect on heavy metal than other single treatments effect. The integration between bio and N mineral fertilizers were achieved highest nutrients content of wheat plant.