Stability Analysis for Root Yield and Quality Characters of Some Sugar Beet Genotypes

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the genotype × environment (G × E) interaction and stability parameters for yield and quality traits in sugar beet. Eight genotypes Baikal, Universe, Avantga, Serenada, Capel, Bts 301, Athos poly, and Saucona were tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications across nine environments. These environments consisted of three sowing dates (1st
September, 1st October, and 1st November) over three growing seasons (2015/2016, 2016/2017, and  2017/2018), resulting in a total of nine distinct growing conditions. Pooled analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among genotypes for growth, yield, and quality traits. The G × E interactions and environmental linear effects were also highly significant, indicating that the performance of sugar beet genotypes was strongly influenced by varying environmental conditions. Stability analysis revealed that some genotypes exhibited phenotypic and genotypic stability for most traits, with varying adaptability across environments. Among them, Bts 301 consistently outperformed other genotypes, recording the highest mean values for most traits. Additionally, Saucona, Serenada, Capel, and Universe demonstrated stability for root yield, top yield, and sugar-related traits based on multiple statistical measures (mean, bi, s²di, λi, and αi). Based on these findings, the study recommends Saucona, Serenada, Capel, Universe, and Bts 301 for cultivation due to their stability and high yields in root and sugar production. These genotypes are well-suited for different planting dates under the agroclimatic conditions of the Fayoum region.