Comparison of Genotypes, Vegetative Characteristics and Chemical Composition Between two Bamboo Species Grown in the Orman Botanical Garden

Abstract

This study was conducted on bamboo plants of two species Denderoclamus giganteus and Denderoclamus stricutus, over 30 years old, grown in the Orman Botanical Garden in Giza during 2021 season. The purpose was to study their vegetative and chemical characteristics. Samples of young leaves were taken for DNA analysis for each of the two species under study. The polymorphic fingerprinting pattern for two Dendrocalamus species (D. giganteus and D. stricteus), generated by five ISSR primers. Primer 844-A exhibited low polymorphism level (12.5%). Otherwise, primer HB-14 exhibited high polymorphism level (77.8%), which is helpful in identifying bamboo species. Primer 844-A showed that eight bands with molecular sizes ranging from 493 to 1587 bp had been amplified. While eight DNA fragments with molecular sizes ranging from 213 to 741 bp were produced using Primer HB-10. Primer HB-14 indicated the amplification of nine DNA fragments with molecular sizes ranging from 232 to 1122 bp. Additionally, seven DNA fragments with molecular sizes ranging from 470 to 1451 bp were observed in the pattern generated by primer UBC-812. High similarity was recorded between D. giganteus and D. stricteus (0.750), which supports their close phenotypic and genetic relationship.
Denderoclamus giganteus showed superiority in all vegetative growth parameters in comparison with Denderoclamus stricutus with the exception of leaves fresh weight. Stem length, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight for D. giganteus were (21.67 m, 11.67 cm, 230.45 and 160.41 gm). Denderoclamus giganteus produced the highest values of (N), (P), and Moisture percentage, while Denderoclamus stricutus was the highest in potassium (K) percentage.