Effect of Soil and Foliar Applications on Growth and Yield of Green Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plants Under Salinity Stress

Abstract

During the two autumn seasons of 2020 and 2021, two field tests were conducted in the Experimental Farm of El Kassasien Research Station in Ismailia, Egypt in order to study the interaction effects of soil application treatments i.e., B. subtilis inoculant, AMF, vermicompost (VC) and corn stalk(CS), and foliar applications treatments, i.e. potassium silicate (4 cm / liter), Salicylic acid(SA) (150 mg / liter) and tap water control treatment, to reduce the negative impact of soil salinity on the growth and yield of snap bean grown in saline soil The foliar spray treatments with SA gave the highest values for all the studied traits, growth characteristics, i.e. plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, dry weight of the plant, as well as leaves or pods pigments, whether for, and the content of plants from NPK, in addition to the yield of pods and its components.The best soil additives had an effect on all the studied traits is the addition of VC + AMF followed by the addition of CS + AMF. These additions caused a substantial increase in plant growth measurements, as well as a significant increase in the leaves and pods pigment, plant’s content of elements, also led to a significant increase in pod yield, its composition, as well as its quality The interaction between the study factors had a significant effect on all the studied traits, and the best data for these traits were obtained from the soil application of (VC) + (AMF) with (SA) spraying due to its role in reducing the negative effect of soil salinity. The effect of applied treatments was estimated in terms of the rhizosphere biology, Biologically, AMF root colonization% and dehydrogenase activity recorded increases in their result, especially at soil application, Co-addition of AMF, VC and SA as foliar Decrease the impacts of abiotic salinity stress. Accordingly, a possible reduction in salinity stress can be achieved using AMF, VC with SA as foliar spray in salt affected soil for green bean The cultivation of plants enhanced their growth and photosynthesis and Reduced osmotic stress under salinity conditions. In addition, the oxidoreductase enzyme catalase and accumulation of proline decrease after 30 days of planting in both seasons. This research reveals that higher levels of antioxidant enzymes and proline content, which decrease ion toxicity and cell membrane injury, were principally responsible for the enhanced tolerance to salinity. Antioxidative responses in green bean plants subjected to different osmotic potentials induced by salinity stress were record lower value in our treatment than control.it is may be due to our treatment give the plant the superiority to overcome the
osmotic stress due to makes the plant more resistant and tolerant to salinity by increasing microbiota in rhizosphere and the presence of mycorrhizae, making the plant get its need of NPK.so that the plant have more defense and did not need more antioxidant enzyme, Thus, the plant did not need to make proline as a defense system against salinity in green bean, thereby mycorrhizae, VC and SA increasing osmotic adjustment and protection from free radicals in Phaseolus vulgaris L .