Viability and germinability tests and establishment of Aegilops cylindrica and Ambrosia trifida seeds in imported wheat and soybean under Egypt condition

Abstract

Experiments were conducted at the Giza farm station in wire house and laboratory of Weed Research Central Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, during 2019/2020 to 2021/2022 seasons. To study the viability of exotic alien weed seeds, which are contaminated with wheat grains and soybean seeds, in randomized complete design with four replicates. The sources of the shipments were Russia, Ukraine and American United States. These results pointed that a lot of wheat grains and soybean seeds were mixed with weed seed species, which growing during winter, spring and summer seasons. The two species under study don't distribute in Egyptian sowing soil up till now. The highest percentage of seeds viability of A. trifide was 75 and 75% Stand (class1), 25 and 10% dead (class0) and 0 and 15% class0.5 (intermediate) in 2021 season and 2022 in the first generation seeds under Egyptian condition, respectively. The germinability and establishment of A. cylandrica and A. trifide have the highest germination percentage and complete the life cycle and produced viable seeds under Egypt conditions. The highest germination percentage of A. cylandrica was resulted from sowing date 15th September, 15th October. Breaking dormancy by storage seeds in cool conditions and soaking seeds in water for 72
hours and sowing date in early spring season was need to improve germination percentage of A. trifide seeds. The mean number of seed bank and germinability seed bank in the second season was 21 seed/kg soil and 5 seedling/pot of A. trifide and 70 seedling/m2 of A. cylandrica.