The Economic Effects of Climate Change on the Most Important Agricultural Crops in Egypt

Abstract

The Egyptian agricultural sector is considered one of the most important sectors affected by climatic changes, due to the sensitivity of agricultural crops to temperature changes, whether by rise or fall. It was concentrated in the Nile Valley, the Delta, and the new areas, which led to an inflation in prices for those crops, and by studying the effect of carbon dioxide emission on the productivity of wheat, maize, and cotton, it was found that there is a decrease in the productivity of wheat by about 0.0009 tons/ feddan, which leads to a decrease in the productivity of maize Shamiya by about 0.029 ardeb/feddan, which leads to an increase in the productivity of cotton by about 0.004 tons/feddan, and by studying the effect of temperature on the productivity of wheat, maize, and cotton, it was found that it leads to a decrease in the productivity of wheat by about 0.028 tons/ feddan, and leads to a decrease in productivity of maize by about 0.78 ardebs/feddan, which leads to an increase in the productivity of cotton by about 0.089 tons/feddan, and the cultivation of high-yielding varieties of wheat can achieve A significant increase in productivity, at least 50%, compared to the low-productive items. The cultivation of these high-productivity varieties at the most suitable time for planting can achieve another increase of up to 3-5% in the case of wheat crop, and the cultivation of these high-productivity varieties at the most suitable time for planting can achieve another increase of up to 5-12% in the case of wheat Maize crop. The cultivation of high-productivity varieties and the selection of the most appropriate date for cotton cultivation for each climatic region will lead to an increase in the productivity of this crop under the
conditions of climatic changes 12-27%, and the increase in the amount of added water is accompanied by an increase in production by about 9%, and an increase in plant density is accompanied by an increase of about 2%.