Role of Lentils and Olive Oil in Lowering Side Effects of Immunosuppressant Drug in Experimental Rats

Abstract

The present study was aimed to examine the advantages of lentils and olive oil potential to stimulate immunity and reduce side effects of immunosuppressive drugs in rats. The study involved twenty-five Sprague-Dawley male albino rats, weight (180 ± 10g). The experiment persisted for 60 days (30 days for injured and 30 days for treatment). The rats were randomly allocated into five groups (5 each). The first group served as a negative control group received only a basic standard diet. While twenty rats were orally gavaged with a Cyclosporin A (CsA) (5 mg/kg b.w) for 30 days to induce immunodeficiency and they were reassigned to a positive control group that received the basal diet and three treated groups with 10% lentils, 5% olive oil and other mixture for (10% lentils with 5% olive oil) from basal diet. The treatment duration was 30 days. The results of food analysis demonstrated that the lentils and olive oil rich of many nutrients and bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity. The biological results on all immunosuppressed rat groups treated by lentils and olive oil showed a significant improvement in nutritional indicators (weight gain, food intake and feed efficiency ratio).while the biochemical results in serum showed a significant decrease in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate
aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein and total Bilirubin (T.BiL), creatinine, urea, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLc), anti-inflammatory Interleukin-6 (IL-6),Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α): and CReactive protein (CRP) and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) , antioxidant enzymes Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reduced (GSH) , glutathione peroxides (GPx) and glutathione -s- transferees (GST) and levels of IgE and IgG were compared to the positive control group. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of foods in enhancing immunity and reducing side effects of cyclosporine A (CsA). It can be recommended that patients treating immunodeficiency drug, should consume lentils and olive oil, to improving liver and kidney function, reducing inflammation, enhancing immunity and health.