Assessment of the Effectiveness of Vitamin D in Reducing Uterine Leiomyoma Size

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Numerous studies propose vitamin D (VD) as a safe, cost-effective, and noninvasive therapeutic option for uterine leiomyoma (UL), exhibiting antitumor properties with minimal risk of adverse effects. Objectieve: This study aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation (VDS) on the mean diameter of ULs in women with at least one UL >10 mm in size. Methods: a
randomized, blinded clinical trial included 50 Egyptian women aged 20–50 years with VD insufficiency (serum levels 21–29 ng/mL). Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group receiving 50000 IU of VD weekly for 8 weeks or a control group receiving no VSD. Comprehensive clinical assessments, including transvaginal ultrasounds and laboratory measurements of serum VD levels, were conducted at baseline and post-intervention. Results: The study found no significant differences in baseline demographic characteristics, including age (mean ±SD: study group 35.31 ±7.63 years vs. control group 36.24 ±6.87 years, p = 0.653) and body mass index (BMI) (study group 26.17 ±3.72 kg/m² vs. control group 26.86 ±4.31 kg/m², p = 0.547). Baseline VD levels were also comparable (study group 22.41 ±3.32 ng/mL vs. control group 22.28 ±3.51 ng/mL, p = 0.8935). Post-treatment, VD levels significantly increased in the study group (26.11 ±3.53 ng/mL vs. control group 21.52 ±3.68 ng/mL, p < 0.0001). UL diameters showed significant reduction in the study group (35.06 ±10.13 mm) compared to an increase in the control group (45.21 ±13.52 mm, p = 0.0042), demonstrating the
therapeutic potential of VSD. Results: VSD significantly increased serum VD levels and reduced UL diameters in women with UL, highlighting its potential as an effective, non-invasive therapeutic option.