Micropropagation of Coffee Robusta Plants (Coffea canephora) Through Shoot Tip Explants

Authors

  • Rania A.E. Abdelzaher Tropical and Sub-Tropical Fruit Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt: Environmental Horticulture Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, Florida, USA.
  • Alhussein S. A. Hamad Tropical and Sub-Tropical Fruit Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
  • Ahmed M. Amer Plant Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Samia S. Hosny Tropical and Sub-Tropical Fruit Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
  • Wagner A. Vendrame Environmental Horticulture Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Keywords:

Coffee robusta, Tissue culture, Shoot tip culture, Plant growth regulators, Meta-topolin, In vitro multiplication

Abstract

Coffee is one of the most important tropical crops and the demand for it is accelerating. However, conventional methods for propagating coffee have several problems such as slow multiplication rates, uncontrolled genetic variations and disease susceptibility. The objective of this study is to develop a simple, rapid and effective protocol for the micropropagation of robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) using shoot tip explants. Different types and concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) were investigated for the maximum efficiency of shoot proliferation. The results indicated the superiority of gibberellic acid (GA3) in combination with meta-topolin (MT) over other PGRs. Media supplemented with GA3 + MT at a concentration of 2.0 mg/L gave the highest number of shoots, nodes and leaves. In addition, it showed maximum fresh and dry weights and shoot length. However, it should be noted that for some parameters (shoot length, fresh weight and number of nodes) there were no significant differences between GA3 + MT at a concentration of 2.0mg/L and GA3 + MT at a concentration of 1.0 mg/L. This study provides insights into the impact of different PGRs on the morphogenetic response of coffee robusta and can be used to help maximize the frequency of coffee micropropagation. 

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Published

2024-05-15

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 02 (2024): APRIL-JUNE 2024

Section

Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.