The Possible Antihyperglycemic Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles On Diabetes Induced by Streptozotocin in Male Rats

Abstract

Introduction: Zinc oxide nanoparticle therapy, is a possible treatment for a variety of diseases. Our objective was to investigate the therapeutic potential of ZnO NPs in correcting the histological and functional abnormalities in the liver and pancreas in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. This study evaluated the safety and possible antidiabetic advantages of zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Methodology: Seventy five mature male albino rats weighing between 180 and 200 grams were utilized. Following a week of acclimatization, the rats were split into five groups at random. Control group: didn't receive any medical attention, Diabetic group: received 45 mg/kg of streptozotocin intraperitoneally as a single dose, Diabetic and Zinc oxide nanoparticles group: a single oral dosage of 10 mg/kg ZnO NPs in suspension each day, Diabetic and chitosan group: a single oral dosage of 150 mg/kg chitosan each day and Diabetic, chitosan, and Zinc oxide nanoparticles group, an oral dosage of 150 mg/kg chitosan + 10 mg/kg ZnO NPs in suspension each day. After 6 weeks, blood samples were collected until use and Organs were rapidly removed after blood was drawn for biochemical analysis and histopathological studies. Further, obtained ZnO NPs characterized by SEM, EDS, TEM and XRD, and TEM analysis Results: A combination of histological investigation and blood biochemical research was employed to confirm the effectiveness of encapsulating chitosan with ZnO nanoparticles in the management of diabetes mellitus in rats. Oral administration of zinc oxide nanoparticles resulted in significant antidiabetic effects that is, improved glucose tolerance, higher serum insulin, reduced blood glucose. Nanoparticles were systemically absorbed resulting in elevated zinc levels in the liver and pancreas. Conclusion: This demonstrates the potential for controlling diabetes and the therapeutic use of ZnO NPs and chitosan as a safe anti-diabetic medication.