Impact of Admission Blood Glucose Level on in-Hospital Outcome of Patients with Recent ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated by Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Abstract

Background: It has been shown that a higher admission blood glucose level (ABGL) relates to a bigger infarct size in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Objective: The objective of this research is to assess the effect of ABGL on the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) during hospitalization in patients who have recently had ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
and have undergone Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods: This research was carried out on 400 consecutive patients, aged older than 18 years old, both sexes, with clinical criteria of STEMI and treated with PPCI and both patients diabetic and non-diabetic were involved. Patients were categorized into 4 groups regarding to random blood glucose level then further subdivided into 2 groups out of 400 patients; 84 patients developed MACE (MACE group) and 316 patients not developed MACE (Non-MACE group). Results: The presence of elevated blood glucose levels at admission, even in the absence of a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, is a notable indicator of a negative prognosis. Elevated entry blood glucose levels have been shown to be positively correlated with a
higher incidence of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Patients in the research had a higher incidence of recurrent anginal episodes, arrhythmias, and cardiogenic shock. Conclusions: Patients exhibiting excessive blood glucose levels are at a heightened risk of having several adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including TIMI 0 "no-reflow," in-hospital mortality, cardiogenic shock, ventricular arrhythmia, acute heart failure, and reinfarction.