Efficacy of Moringa Oil and Flaxseed Oil against Carbendazim Toxicity in Hepatorenal Organs of Male Rats: A Physiological and Histological Study

Abstract

Environmental pollution spreads pollutants, and their toxicities have remained significant global health concerns for decades. The level of toxicity exhibited by pesticides is influenced by multiple factors, including the duration and method of exposure as well as the overall physical condition of the individuals exposed. Carbendazim (CBZ) is used to control multiple types of fungal attacks on different
crops. Experimentally, CBZ has been observed to cause physiological, biochemical and histopathological alterations. Medicinal plants, natural products, and nutrition remain vital to mitigate these toxicities. This research aimed to examine the protective effect of moringa oil and flaxseed oil on hepatorenal toxicity and changes in the activity of antioxidants induced by exposure to CBZ in male
rats. The rats were grouped into six groups (G1-G6) consisting of a total of 60 rats, with each group containing 10 rats. The groups were designated as follows: G1 (Control), G2 (CBZ intoxicated at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW), G3 (moringa oil at a dose of 800 mg/kg BW plus CBZ), G4 (flaxseed oil at a dose of 800 mg/kg BW plus CBZ), G5 (moringa oil at a dose of 800 mg/kg BW), and G6 (flaxseed oil at a
dose of 800 mg/kg BW). The rats were observed for a period of 6 weeks. In rats treated with only CBZ (G2), an elevation in the levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin was observed. On the other hand, a decline in serum albumin and total protein was recorded. The CBZ-exposed group expressed some histological alterations in liver tissues. Moreover, elevations in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid were noted with histological alterations in kidney structure. Additionally, a significant decrease in the levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione was noticed with an increase in malondialdehyde level. Treatments with moringa oil (G3) and flaxseed oil (G4) in rats exposed to CBZ showed remarkable reducing and protecting effects of physiological and histopathological changes. In conclusion, the obtained results
indicate that the protective influences of moringa oil and flaxseed oil are attributed to their antioxidant activities. Finally, this study provides valuable information about the potential protective role of moringa oil and flaxseed oil against CBZ-induced hepatorenal toxicity.