Evaluation of the Prevalence of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Related Factors in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are one of chronic kidney disease's most common complications, potentially affecting an individual’s functional status and quality of life. A major concern of healthcare professionals caring for CKD patients is to improve their quality of life. Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in CKD patients and possible risk factors. Patients and methods: The study was conducted on 100 patients aged 19-76 years with CKD diagnosis according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, selected from the renal hemodialysis units, nephrology, and rheumatology outpatient clinics of Tanta University Hospitals. Patients were divided into two groups according to The CKD-EPI creatinine Equation estimated GFR: Group I: included 32 patients with stages II, III and Group II: included 68 patients with stages IV, V. Musculoskeletal disorders were evaluated by the (COPCORD) Questionnaire. Data were collected including demographic, clinical, and laboratory data. Statistical analysis was carried out for all collected data using IBM, SPSS version 21. Statistical significance was determined at a P level ≤ 0.05. Results: Among 100 patients with CKD, there was a high prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain which was detected in 89.7% of patients in group II and 78.1% of patients in group I. 46.9% and 75% of patients in group I and group II respectively, had radiological abnormalities detected by imaging studies such as subperiosteal bone resorption, periarticular osteopenia, knee osteoarthritis and Achilles tendinopathy. Possible risk factors for musculoskeletal pain was hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), ischemic heart disease(IHD), Mineral Bone Disease in CKD (CKD-MBD), and hyperuricemia. Conclusion: The study suggested that musculoskeletal disorders are highly prevalent in CKD patients, so evaluation of prevalence and related factors will help in early management and improvement of quality of life.