Monocytes to High-Density lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio as a New Marker for Diabetic Nephropathy and Retinopathy

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health problem and its prevalence is increasing worldwide which results in high morbidity and mortality due to its wide spectrum of complications. Both diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are serious microvascular complications and have been considered the major cause of blindness and end-stage renal failure. Objective: our study was conducted to assess the Monocytes to High-Density lipoprotein Cholesterol ratio (MHR) as a New Marker for DN and DR. Patients and methods: the study was conducted on 100 subjects 50 were healthy control and 50 had a diagnosis of T2DM
according to American Diabetes Association Criteria (ADAC). Data were collected including, demographic, clinical, and laboratory data. Statistical analysis was carried out for all collected data using IBM SPSS. Statistical significance was determined at a p -value<0.05. Results: MHR was normal in the healthy control group with a median of 7.23 while it was high in patients with DN and DR with a median of (16.8) - (18.6) respectively. These patients had a longer duration of DM, higher lipid profile values, and bad control of DM which was assessed by HbA1c, associated metabolic syndrome, micro, and macro albuminuria. Conclusion: our current study suggests that MHR is associated with the presence of DN and DR so it can be used as a new marker for the progression and development of DN and DR.