July-September, 2021
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The Environmental Applicability of Vermicompost for Developing and composting
organic wastes to control the risk of adverse impacts on the Environment
Abou Seeda M.A., Abou El-Nour E.A.A, Yassen A.A. and Sahar M. Zaghloul
ABSTRACT:
Environmental contamination due to solid waste mismanagement is a global issue. Open dumping and
open burning are the main implemented waste treatment and final disposal systems, mainly visible in
low-income countries. The environmental impacts are pervasive worldwide: marine litter, air, soil and
water contamination, and the direct interaction of waste pickers with hazardous waste are the most
important issues. This narrative literature review assessed global issues due to different waste fractions
showing how several sources of pollution are affecting the environment, population health, and
sustainable development. Urbanization and industrialization resulted in rapid increase in volume of
solid waste; its management has become one of the biggest problems today. Solid wastes can be
disposed of by methods like land filling, incineration, conversion into biogas, recycling, and
composting, but its overproduction has led to in appropriate disposal practices such as their
indiscriminate and in appropriately timed application to agricultural fields that ultimately leads to water
and soil pollution. However, organic wastes can be used for vermicomposting; it is an effective
recycling technology that improves the quality of the products that is disinfected, detoxified, and highly
nutritive. Because of non-thermophilic, boioxidative process that involves earthworms and associated
microbes. This biological organic waste decomposition process yields the biofertilizer namely the
vermicompost. It enhances soil biodiversity by promoting the beneficial microbes that in turn enhances
plant growth directly by production of plant growth-regulating hormones and enzymes and indirectly
by controlling plant pathogens, nematodes and other pests, thereby enhancing plant health and
minimizing the yield loss. It is a low cost, eco-biotechnological process in which earthworms are used
to cooperate with microorganisms in order to convert biodegradable wastes into organic fertilizer.
Vermicompost is beneficial for sustainable organic agriculture and maintaining balanced ecosystem .
[ FULL TEXT PDF 109-172 ] DOI: 10.36632/ije/2021.10.3.11
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Magneto-Fluorescent Nanocomposite of Bentonite Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
for the Adsorption of Contaminants in Wastewater
Yasser A.M. Abdulhady
ABSTRACT:
The purpose of article is removing iron, manganese, some organic and inorganic contaminants by
bentonite grafted iron oxide nanoparticles (bentonite/MIONP). Bentonite/MIONPs nanocomposite was
prepared using co-precipitation method. The mean diameter of nanocomposite was 27.50 nm. The
removal efficiency of Fe & Mn were 89.95% and 78.82% resp. and total nitrogen & total phosphorous
were 84.65% and 84.40% resp. The reduction % of COD/BOD and TOC were 80.74%, 83.98% and
82.35% resp. Removal of pollutants was carried out at optimal conditions of nanocomposite dosage at
8 g/l; Contact time at 30 min.; and PH at 7.0.; temp. 50oC. Adsorption data were reproduced by the
Langmuir isotherm, where the Mn and Fe adsorption saturation capacity was determined as 72.04 and
206.61 mg.g-1 respectively. The average adsorption free energy change was 2.880 kJ mol-1, which
indicated the occurrence of ionic exchange. The thermodynamic parameters implied that Mn and Fe
adsorption was endothermic.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 173-191 ] DOI: 10.36632/ije/2021.10.3.12
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