July-Sept. 2021
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Geology, Radioactivity and Uranium Potentialities of Some Pegmatite Bodies at
Wadi Al Shayilah and West of Gabal Kherm El Asmar Area, North Eastern Desert,
Egypt
Hossam A. Khamis
ABSTRACT:
The area around Gabal (G.) Kherm El Asmar is occupied by metavolcanics, Dokhan volcanics as well
as different types of younger granite pertaining to the Syenogranites and alkali feldspar granites.
These rock types are intruded and traversed by numerous types of dyke swarms and dissected by
many fault trends. The metavolcanics are mainly represented mainly by metabasalt, metabasaltic
andesite and very rare metamorphosed pyroclastics. The Dokhan volcanics are represented by
andesite, dacite as well as acidic and intermediate tuffs and agglomerates. Syenogranites in the area
represents a part of G. Urf El Eeir which is coarse grained porphyritic pink granites while alkali
feldspar granites represent part of G. Al Shayilah medium grained equigranular reddish pink granite
cut and dissected by dyke swarms and traversed by different trends of shear zones. Late magmatic
pneumatolytic and hydrothermal stages which products pegmatites, aplites and silica veins are
frequently seen in both types of granites but are very spectacular in alkali feldspar granites where
large pegmatites veins and pockets are spread in many parts of the intrusion. These pegmatites play a
major role in the localization and potentialities of uranium in this sector of younger granites. Most of
the radioactive anomalies are connected to the alkali feldspar granites where U and Th have a
reasonable concentrated. In the zoned pegmatites, the uranium concentration is seen to be relatively
high and reaches up to 250 ppm while the Th recorded 75 ppm. The relatively high uranium
concentration provides the opportunities for the crystallization of uranium minerals in these
pegmatites where both Uranophane and Kasolite are recorded in notable amounts giving the high U
potentialities for these pegmatites.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 335-361 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.31
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Effect of Potassium Fertilization and Foliar application of Compound Fertilizer on
Growth, Yield and Root Quality of Beetroot under Clay Soil conditions
Shafeek M.R.., Asmaa R. Mahmoud, Y. I. Helmy, Nadia M. Omar, Soad, M. El-
Ashry and Camilia Y.El-Dewiny
ABSTRACT:
Two field experiments were carried out at private farm in Qalyobia Governorate, Egypt during the
two successive winter seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. The study aimed to investigate the effect
of potassium soil fertilizer levels (0, 50 and 100 kg K2O/fad.) and foliar spray with nutrient compound
(Aquacool) on growth, yield and root quality of beetroot plants cv Balady grown in clay soil
conditions. The gained results indicated that, the interaction between fertilizing beetroot with
potassium at 100 K2O/fad. in the regulate potassium sulfate and spraying with high levels (2 cm/L) of
nutrient compound (Aquacool) gave the highest values of plant height, number of leaves/ plant, leaves
fresh and dry weight, total roots yield and its components (root weight, length and diameter) as well
as highest contents of the percentage of N, P, K, total sugar and vitamin C in root tissue.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 362-369 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.32
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Anticoagulation, Fibrinolytic and Antimicrobial activities of deferent extracts of Origanum syriacum ssp. sinaicum
M. Abd El-Motaleb, Asmaa R. Abd El-Hameid, Bassem M. Salama, Hoda M.H.
Elnaggar, Wafaa A. Helmy, E.A. Ewais and M.S. Abdel-Hady
ABSTRACT:
Origanum syriacum ssp. sinaicum is a wild herb endemic plant grown in Saint Katherine Protectorate,
Sinai, Egypt has been used for traditional medicine. Thus, the antimicrobial, fibrinolytic and
anticoagulation activities of the aqueous extracts (acidic, neutral and alkaline) and their sulphated
derivatives of wild O. syriacum ssp. sinaicum were investigated. All extracts (acidic, neutral and
alkaline) exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus
cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and antifungal activity
against Candida albicans. Origanum air-dried leaves leaves crude aqueous extracts had been found to
possess a moderate antimicrobial activity, a strong anti-coagulation activity especially aqueous
sulphated extracts and a moderate fibrinolytic activity.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 370-376 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.33
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Effect of Foliar Application with Putrescine and Potassium Sulphate on Vegetative
Growth, Fruit Set, Fruit Size, Fruit Quality and Yield of Washington Navel Orange
Hanaa Refai Abdallah
ABSTRACT:
The present investigation was conducted during three successive seasons 2017, 2018 and 2019
years, respectively on Washington navel orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) twenty five years old
budded on sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) rootsock at Giza experimental station Agricultural
Research center, Egypt. To study the effect of foliar application with Potassium sulphate K2SO4 at (2
and 3%), putrescine (PUT) at (50 and 100 ppm), a mixture of (putrescine (PUT) at 50 ppm +
Potassium sulphate (K2SO4) 2%) and a mixture of (putrescine (PUT) at 100 ppm + Potassium sulphate
(K2SO4)3%) compared with control treatment (untreated tree) on vegetative growth, fruit set, fruit
size, yield, fruit quality of washington navel orange trees to improved fruit quality and yield in
quantity and quality. The result showed that treatment with foliar application with a combination of
(PUT) at 100 ppm + (K2SO4) 3% gave the highest values of vegetative growth (shoot length (cm),
leaves number / shoot), fruit set (%) , fruits retention (%), yield /tree and yield T/ha, number of fruits/
tree, weight of fruits (g), Juice volume (cm3), fruit pulp weight (g), fruit length (cm) and fruits size
(cm3) , peel thickness (mm), Chlorophyll (a) & (b) & (a + b) (mg/g fresh wt), vitamin C content (mg /
100mL juice), T.S.S%, and T.S.S /acidity %,Total protein (%),Total carbohydrates (mg/g), and total
sugars (%), while, recorded the lowest fruits drop(%), softening (%), juice total acidity %, Moreover,
increased leaf mineral contents (N, P, K, and Fe, Zn ppm)as compared with other treatments including
control trees during three seasons. Foliar application of (PUT) at 100 ppm recorded the highest
significant values of shoot diameter (mm), Carotenoids (mg/g fresh wt), peel weight (g), fruit set and
decreased fruit drop percentage, softening (%), acidity % as compared with control trees. Foliar
application with a combination of (putrescine (PUT) at 50 ppm + Potassium sulphate (K2SO4) 2%)
gave the highest values of fruit diameter (cm), Mg % as compared with other treatments including
untreated trees and significantly increased T.S.S %, T.S.S/acidity % also, decreased fruit drop
percentage, acidity % as compared with control. Foliar application with K2SO4 (2% and 3%)
increased most physical and chemical parameters of washington navel orange trees. For the
interaction found that the combination between putrescine (PUT) and Potassium sulphate K2SO4 gave
the best results in the most of taken characters.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 377-404 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.34
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Anti-diabetic Effect of Syzygium cumini leaves on Induced diabetic Rats
Aziza H. Sobh and Mona F. Shalan
ABSTRACT:
The effect of different concentrations 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6 and 7.5% Syzygium cumini leaves as powder of
Syzygium cumini on diabetes rats were evaluated thirty five male rats was purchased from Vaccine
and Immunity Organization, and kept for 7 days on basal diet (Adaptation period), After adaptation
period, the 35 rats were classified into two main groups; 5 rats in a normal group and 30 rats in a
treated group. Diabetes was induced via injection of the infected rats with alloxan (150 mg/kg BW).
To ascertain the induction of diabetes mellitus blood samples, were obtained from rats and blood
glucose was determined. All diabetic rats were classified into the following group (5 rat each group):
The control negative and control positive were fed on basal diet, as well as, the third, fourth, fifth,
sixth and seventh groups fed standard diet had contained 1.5,3.0,4.5,6.0 and 7.5% Syzygium cumini
leaves powder respectively for 28 day after injection. At the end of experimental period, the results
showed that the lowest value glucose recorded for sixth group fed on Syzygium cumini powder (6%)
with significant difference The highest cholesterol and triglycerides levels recorded for third group
fed on Syzygium cumini powder (1.5%) while, the lowest value recorded for Seventh group fed on
Syzygium cumini powder (7.5%) with significant difference. From the results, it could be
recommended that leaves of Syzygium cumini is effective in improving lipid metabolism and
preventing diabetic in diabetic rats.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 405-413 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.35
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Radiometry Analysis of Alluvial Deposits Samples Collected from Sharm El-Sheikh
Area, Southern Sinai. Egypt
Hanan A.S. Aly, N. I. Abd El Ghaffar, Thanaa Abdel Maksod and A. I. M. Ismail
ABSTRACT:
At Sharm El-Sheikh area, alluvial deposits derived from younger granites which exhibit association of
important minerals (alkali feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, quartz, allanite, zircon, monazite chevkinite
and magnetite) were subjected to radiometry measurements using HP-Ge detector. Activity
concentrations of the radionuclides were found to be near to each other except 40K which measure
high values. Element content of thorium and uranium (eTh & eU) was calculated to estimate uranium
migration (in / out) process for the studied locality. Most of the studied samples were found belong to
forbidden zone except samples Yg9 & Yg10. The results indicated migration of uranium in percent
ranges from 7.31% to 32.51% for the locality of the collected and studied samples. Detrital 230Th was
calculated to determine the corrected 230Thd and applied to 230Th/234U dating which found to range
between, 27 to 28 Ky. Migration time was also calculated using uranium original values.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 414-424 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.36
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Production of Vegetable Soup Powder with High Quality and Nutritive Value
Arafa M.A., G.M. Sherif, M.S. Halaby and A.M. Hamed
ABSTRACT:
The practice of healthier lifestyles has increased by changing eating habits, opting for foods rich in
bioactive compounds. One of the easy to cook foods that are available is dried soup powder which is
playing an important role in fulfilling consumer requirements. The main targets of this study were
conducted to produce high quality and nutritious vegetables soup powder supplemented it by Quinoa
seeds or Soybean as sources of protein to produce natural products without any preservatives; and to
compare the characteristics of the control soup powder with all samples in the light of its physical,
chemical components, microbiological profile and sensorial properties. There were two formulas of
soup powders compared with the control sample: the first one content from Potato, Carrot, Broccoli,
Quinoa and Salt (by ratios: 30%, 40% & 50%); and the second contents from Potato, Carrot, Broccoli,
Soybean and Salt (by ratios: 30%, 40% & 50%).Vegetables with Quinoa or Soybean were mixed and
blanched. The puree were dried on 60-65˚C in ventilated oven dryer. The results demonstrated an
excellent composition with formula (4, 5 & 6) recorded the highest levels from fat, protein,
antioxidants, potassium, phosphorus and magnesium; while, formula (1, 2 & 3), it gave the highest
level from carbohydrates and phenolic compounds. All the soup powder formulas types namely, F.
Control, F.1, F.2, F.3, F.4, F.5, and F.6 of the previous samples were below the unsatisfactory levels
of guideline limit (104 – < 105CFU/g) of total aerobic bacteria, B. cereus and mold & yeast counts; E.
coli was not detected in both raw materials and soup powder samples. For this, dried soup is
considered to be safety for human consumption. In general, Formula (5& 2) recorded the highest level
for the overall acceptance. Followed by; formula (6), formula (4) and formula (3) compared with
control sample and formula (1).
[ FULL TEXT PDF 425-433 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.37
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Effect of Cultivar and Some Processing Treatments on the Quality and Preservation
Period of Garlic
Hassan I. A. Ahmed and Yasser M. M. Osman
ABSTRACT:
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of garlic cultivars (Balady, Chinese, and Sids-40)
and some edible coating treatments (T1: Carrageenan + potassium sorbate, T2: Chitosan + potassium
sorbate, T3: Chitosan +Carrageenan + potassium sorbate and control), and different cold storage
periods on the yield, bulb quality, and preservation period of under consideration cultivars of garlic.
The results showed that the Sids-40 cultivar was the highest yield, bulb weight, and bulb diameter
after curing. Also, Chinese and Sids-40 cultivars achieved the highest values of cloves weight/ bulb.
While Balady cultivar was recorded the highest values of cloves number. Balady cultivar was scored
lower values of sprouting and decay percentages than Chinese and Sids-40 cultivars. The chemical
analysis of different garlic cultivars, edible coating treatments, and different cold storage periods were
studied. The obtained results were indicated that the Chinese cultivar had the highest moisture content
followed by the Sids-40 cultivar. While the lowest moisture content was recorded by Balady cultivar,
meanwhile, it was recorded the highest amount of carbohydrate, fat, and ash, respectively. On the
other hand, Sids-40 had the highest value of protein content. According to the results of garlic
cultivars, combined with the effects of different cold storage periods and edible coating treatmentsmaintained
quality attributes and shelf life of peeled garlic cloves compared with the control sample.
Based on our results, some of the functional compounds of garlic were also influenced by storage
period, garlic cultivars, and edible coating treatments and they had a positive effect on the keeping of
all physicochemical and microbial quality parameters for a longer storage period reached to 270 days.
It was noticed that treatment No. (3) was the most effective treatment until the end of cold storage
periods for all garlic cultivars especially, Balady cultivar. Moreover, results suggested that the
treatment (Chitosan + Carrageenan in addition to potassium sorbate) at cold storage conditions could
be a promising treatment for extending the storage period and maintaining postharvest quality of
peeled garlic cloves especially, for Balady and Sids-40 cultivars.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 434-446 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.38
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Onion Production as influenced by the application of cobalt with Different Doses of
Nitrogen
Nadia Gad, M.R. Abdel-Moez and M.E. Fekry Ali
ABSTRACT:
Two field experiments were carried out to evaluate onion productivity as affected by cobalt under
different rates of nitrogen fertilizer. The experiments were conducted at Research and Production
Station, National Research Centre, El-Nubarya Site, Beheara Governorate, Delta Egypt under drip
irrigation system during 2018 and 2019 seasons. The obtained results are summarized in the
following: Cobalt at 10 ppm with 100% N resulted the highest growth and yield parameters followed
by 80% N followed by 60%N while 40% N gave the lowest values. Cobalt gave the greatest values of
all growth and yield parameters as well as bulb mineral composition and chemical constituents
especially with all nitrogen doses. Cobalt with 80% nitrogen significantly onion yield compared with
the rate of 100%N alone. Cobalt save 20% from requiremen.t Cobalt increased the efficiency of the
nitrogen fertilization amendment reduce the recommended dose of about by 40%
[ FULL TEXT PDF 447-453 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.39
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Long Term Soft Denture Liners; Current Status, Clinical Performance and
Limitations
Mohamed H. Abdelnabi and Amal A. Swelem
ABSTRACT:
Long term soft liners are used to alleviate discomfort and tissue damage associated with complete
denture intolerance due to functional factors. This article reviews long term soft liners as regards the
basic classification and both clinical and patient centered treatment outcomes. Each of the authors
independently conducted a manual and electronic search of the English literature up till December
2020. Initially the titles were extracted based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Abstracts of the selected titles that both authors agreed upon were then screened. The last stage was
the extraction of relevant data and including it under headings in a narrative review of literature
format. It was concluded that, in properly selected cases, long term soft liners could be considered an
affordable solution that significantly improve clinical and patient centered treatment outcomes.
Clinical outcomes included maximum occlusal forces, effect on mandibular movements during the
chewing cycle, masticatory performance, effect on electromyographic recordings, in addition to
fungal overgrowth and its consequences on denture hygiene and related mucosal inflammation.
Patient centered parameters included patient self-assessment, satisfaction, preference and impact on
Oral Health Related Quality of Life. Proper selection of the type of soft liner plays a crucial role in
reaching a successful outcome. Major concerns with long term soft liners include loss of resiliency,
fungal overgrowth, debonding and hygiene maintenance. This review also discussed the limitations of
the available studies. Clinical studies recruited only complete denture patients with good prognosis
and not the compromised cases that actually need management with soft liners the most. It was thus
suggested that the functionality of this category of complete denture wearers could be an area of focus
for upcoming randomized controlled clinical studies.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 454-465 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.40
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Utilization of Some Pigmented Corn Hybrids in Preparing High Nutritional Value
Instant Fried Noodles
Fatma M. I. Shahin and Zahrat El-Ola M. Mohamed
ABSTRACT:
Pigmented corn contains several bioactive phytonutrients that possess antioxidant, antitumor and
anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, potential beneficial components of five pigmented corn
hybrids: white (132), red (R370and Rsc-1), and yellow (178 and 180) were investigated. In addition,
wheat flour was substituted by corn flour hybrids at different levels. 0, 10, 20 and 30% (w/w),
respectively to prepare instant fried noodles. Color, cooking properties and sensory characteristics of
instant fried noodle were evaluated. The values of protein and total phenols were observed in R370
hybrid, meanwhile, yellow178 had the highest oil, P, Fe and Zn content among other hybrids. Besides,
Rsc-1 had high content of anthocyanin and K. Yellow corn hybrids had a high content of carotenoids.
However, high antioxidant activity was observed in red corn hybrids. With respect to the sensory
characteristics points of view, noodles prepared by substituted wheat flour with yellow 180 flour at
different levels enhanced noodles color in relative to other noodle samples. There were no significant
differences among all noodle samples in odor score. Regarding to overall acceptability and total
quality scores, there were no significant differences among control and 10 and 20%substitution levels
samples of yellow 178 and 180.In general substitution with 10% of white and red hybrids was
accepted.The cooking noodle weight was increased with increasing the addition of different corn
hybrids until 30%. A slight decrease was observed in protein content in substituted noodles with corn
flour. Meanwhile, ash and fiber content was increased in noodles with increasing corn flour levels.
Therefore, the production of noodles using corn flour-wheat composite flour is recommended.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 466-484 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2021.10.3.41
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