July-Sept. 2020

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Study of functional properties of probiotic and prebiotic on quality Characteristics of mango juice

Heba Y. Nasef, G.A. Ibrahim, Abd El-Aziz N. Shehata, Eman F. Mohamed, Ahmed A. Farrag

ABSTRACT: Recently, there has been much scientific focus on the importance of functional foods and nutraceuticals which contributes for maintaining good health and reducing the risk of noncommunicable diseases remove. So, this study was carried out to investigate the functional properties of probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium breve 2%), prebiotic (inulin- 2%) and synbiotic on quality attributes of mango juice (370 ml) during storage period (1, 2 and 3 weeks) at refrigeration temperature (2-6 oC). Microbiological, chemical, physical analyses and sensory properties were investigated. Four treatments were studied. Fresh mango juice was taken immediately after processing, T1 Mango juice + Lb. rhamnosus + inulin; T2 Mango juice + Lb. rhamnosus without inulin; T3 Mango juice + Bif.breve + inulin and T4 Mango juice + Bif.breve without inulin. In addition to control sample (mango juice only). Objective and organoleptic evaluations were carried out to indicate the acceptability of the final products. According to sensory evaluation, Bif.breve + inulin (T3) and Bif.breve without inulin (T4) samples had the lowest scores for sensory characteristics (taste and overall acceptability) while T1 Mango juice +Lb. rhamnosus + inulin, T2 Mango juice + Lb. rhamnosus without inulin had a highest scores. Total sugars (reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars), Vitamin C, pH, acidity, Total soluble solid, Viscosity and Color of the products were evaluated. All treatments achieved a mean viable count of at least 107 CFU/ml during storage period. It could be concluded that the probiotic bacteria grew well in all treatments and were capable of surviving and maintaining high viability and enhancing functional properties in the all treatments during storage period without any changes in quality attributes of fruit juices. Therefore, this study indicated a potential for probiotic fruit juices as a valid alternative to dairy based probiotic products. High numerous health benefits of inulin, when combined with the health benefits of probiotic bacteria, could lead to the development of commercial beverages with high health and nutritional values. So food industries should be encourage use probiotic and prebiotic in several products to achieve health benefits of them.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 387-406 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.34

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Effect of carbon organic fertilizer (humic matter) on the growth of micropropagated date palm cv. Sewi during establishing stage in the open field

Zeinab E. Zayed and Tahany Y. Saber

ABSTRACT: In this study, the carbon organic fertilizer (humic matter) "COF" with a unique composition was used to fertilize the adapted of date palm seedlings (Sewi cv.) received from micropropagation in vitro to achieve the best growth and development for them after its transplanting in open filed. Uniform seedlings at 2-years-old micropropagated used in this work. This experiment used included five treatments, representing without fertilizer as control (T0), inorganic fertilizer recommended as control (T1), T2 (1g COF), T3 (2g COF) and T4 (3g COF) for two successive seasons of 2018 and 2019. The results indicated that the growth of micropropagated date palm seedlings in clay soil with carbon organic fertilizer treatments (COF) enhanced all vegetative growth parameters, chlorophyll content, dry leaf (%), soil physical and chemical properties compared with T0 (Non fertilized) and T1 (inorganic fertilizer recommended) treatments.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 407-47 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.35

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A Screening Study of Corn Oil versus Fish Oil and Coconut Oil on Biochemical Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Rats

Fawzy M. Lashin and Hanan A. Rizk, Omar A. Ahmed-Farid and Ahmed M. Shehata

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate the screening effect of edible oil consumption on biochemical cardiovascular risk factors in male albino rats. Twenty four rats 200 ± 25g were divided into four groups. The first group fed on basal diet and considered as control. The second, third and fourth group were fed on basal diet and taken separately orally 0.4ml/100g b.w /day from corn oil, fish oil and coconut oil for 60 days. At the end of experimentally, lipid profile (T.Ch, TG, HDL, LDL and Total Phospholipids), liver function (ALT, AST, TP, Alb and Glob), oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, and NO) were determined. Glucose level, cell energy (ATP), appetite marker, serotonin (5HT) was measured as well as Aortic tissue histopathological examination. Results showed negative alteration in lipid profile, liver function, oxidative stress markers and histopathological examination of aortic tissue for corn oil administered group as compared with the control group. In contrast fish, oil and coconut oil showed normal physiological response for all parameters except pathohistological feature in coconut oil group. Data concluded that the corn oil oral administration triggered risk factors for cardiovascular disease. While fish oil and coconut oil administration showed protective activity against these factors with the superiority of fish oil over coconut oil

[ FULL TEXT PDF 418-430 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.36

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Zinc, Copper and Selenium in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: Relationship to Parathyroid Hormone & Proteinuria

Gamila S.M. Elsaeed, Fatina Fadel, Marwa M. El-Sonbaty, Hanaa Wafaey, Mahmoud A. Abdel-Monem, Inas Abdelhamid, Yosra A. Fahmy, Eman A. Elghoroury5 and Manal F Elshamaa

ABSTRACT: Background: Trace elements had a vital role in metabolism and usually found in blood attached to proteins. The aim was to detect the status of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) and to correlate them with vitamin D (Vit. D), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and intact PTH (iPTH) in this patients group. Method: 30 NS patients and 24 agematched healthy controls were included in the study. The Se, Zn and Cu level in serum were measured by the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), while, Vit D, PTH and iPTH were measured by ELIZA. Results: The serum levels of Zn, Se, Cu, Vit .D and PTH and iPTH were significantly lower in patients (for all p < 0.005) than in healthy controls. A significant negative correlation was found between serum levels of PTH and Zn levels. Serum Zn and Cu were positively correlated with urinary albumin/creatinine ratio Conclusion: PTH may have a role in the pathogenesis of Zn deficiency. Serum Zn and Cu levels were favorably associated with proteinuria in NS patients. Supplementation with Zn, Se and Cu may be of benefit in children with idiopathic NS.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 431-437 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.37

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Comparison between the pollution of Mariute lagoon bottom sediments by heavy metals before and after 2015, north Nile Delta, Egypt

M.S.M. EL-Bady

ABSTRACT: This manuscript study the comparison between the pollution of Mariout bottom sediment by heavy metals in 2014 and 2017. All means of heavy metals of bottom sediments collected in 2017 more than that collected in 2014 except Ni. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in Mariute bottom sediments of 2014 and 2017 were arranged in descending order as follows: Fe> Mn> Zn> Cu>.Pb> Ni > Cr > Cd. Degree of contamination (Dc) of the bottom sediments of 2014 and 2017 are ranged from low to moderate degree of contamination (the same except in sample 1). The potential ecological risk index (RI) was low ecological risk in sediments of 2014 and 2017.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 438-444 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.38

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Effect of Saffron (Crocus sativus) on Obese Rats

Eman M. Mokbll, Elham M. Mahmod, Abd El- Aziz N. Shehata and Hala M. Ali

ABSTRACT: Obesity is characterized by an excessive fat accumulation of adipose tissue that is accompanied by the development and progression of some diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms that link obesity with cardiovascular. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a popular Iranian additive. Which its beneficial effects on several diseases have been found in previous studies. Although several studies have investigated the effect of saffron supplementation on obesity, serum glucose and lipids concentrations, findings are inconsistent. Saffron supplementation has significantly reduced blood glucose and lipid profiles. The interesting on natural components of plants is increasing due to their association with health benefits. The potential effect saffron on body weight, serum Lipid profile, liver and kidney functions was investigated in obese rats, twenty nine male albino rats (180+10) allocated into: G1- standard group: rats fed on normal standard diet . G2- was only fed on HFD as a control positive group its number were 8 rats was slaughter at the seven week from experience and weight the accumulated fat percent with liver, kidney, heart and stomach which was 2.6%. G 3- HFD+ supplemented with 2% saffron and G-4 HFD+ 5% saffron powder, respectively. The result indicated that supplementation with saffron. Were significantly decreased (P<0.05) body weight of the obese rats compared to the control positive group. Moreover, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, VLDL-c, uric acid, creatinine, AST and ALT were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in treated group fed on 5% saffron, while serum HDL-c was significantly increased (P<0.05) as compared to control positive group. The effective result was found in the 5% saffron .These data suggest that saffron supplementation may provide beneficial effects in body weight reduction as well as improving lipid profile, liver and kidney function and serum glucose in obese rats.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 445-454 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.39

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Evaluation of Push out Bond Strength of Different Endodontic Sealers with Different Obturation Techniques

Yousra Aly and Sherif El Shershaby

ABSTRACT: Aim: This study aimed to compare the push-out bond strength of two different endodontic sealers with different obturation techniques to root dentin. Methods: Thirty single rooted extracted teeth were selected and instrumented using ProTaper rotary files. The canals were assigned into three equal groups based upon the sealer and technique used. Group I: Epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus Sealer) with single cone gutta percha, Group II: Epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus Sealer) with continuous
wave compaction (CWC) technique and Group III: Bioceramic sealer (CeraSeal) with single cone bioceramic coated Bio GP Points. Roots were sectioned transversally at the thickness of 2 mm to obtain 3 sections (coronal, middle and apical n=30 per group). The specimens were subjected to pushout test using a Universal Test Machine at a loading speed of 0.5 mm/ min. Results: The push-out bond strength of CeraSeal sealer when used with Bio GP Points was significantly higher than that of AH Plus sealer in single cone technique; While the bond strength of CeraSeal sealer was higher but not statistically significantly with AH Plus sealer in continuous wave compaction (CWC) technique. Conclusions: The bioceramic sealer Ceraseal combined with Bio GP Points showed a significantly higher bond strength than single cone AH Plus in coronal, middle and apical thirds.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 455-461 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.40

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Evaluation of the Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Chloroformic Extract from Vangueria infausta Leaves in Rats with Hyperchloesterolemia

Fatma Abdel-Azim Sanad

ABSTRACT: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the hypolipidemic effects of chloroformic extract from Vangueria infausta leaves in rats maintained on high cholesterol diet (HCD)-induced hyperlipidemia. The extract was orally given by intragastric tube at a low dose (125 mg/kg) and high dose (250 mg/kg) once daily for 3 weeks. The administration of HCD resulted in a significant increase in the serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, V-LDL-C, atherogenic index (AI) value, hepatic MDA and a significant decline in HDL-C and liver GSH level as compared to their corresponding controls, P< 0.05. The treatment with the lowest dose did not produce any significant change in the pattern of lipid profile, P> 0.05. While the highest dose of the extract revealed a significant decline in the serum TC, TG, LDL-C, V-LDL-C levels, atherogenic index (AI) value, hepatic MDA and a significant increase in HDL-C as well as liver GSH level as compared to HCD-treated rats, P< 0.05. In addition, the highest dose showed no significant difference in comparison with that the reference drug (Atorvastatin) used in this study. Moreover, histopathological examinations reinforced the biochemical data. In conclusion, the V. infausta extract was found to enjoy hypolipidemic activity in hyperlipidemic rats can be applied as a phytomedicine in the management of the cardiovascular diseases.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 462-471 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.41

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Use of Construction and Demolition Debris in Architectural Application and Buildings with Special Emphasis on Economic Aspects. A Review

Nermin M.M.M. Farrag

ABSTRACT: It is becoming increasingly important to use waste as a tool to protect the environment, industrial and raw materials. Recycling is the much-needed alternative to the lack of storage space and dwindling natural resources. Several countries have successfully recycled building waste and developed building materials that play the same function as traditional high-cost building materials, at a time when Egypt suffers from a large percentage of non-exploited building and demolition waste and causes many environmental and health problems, and despite the urgent need to use a great deal of natural resources to supply building materials for construction projects. Recycling this waste and taking advantage of foreign experience would help to reduce the use of natural resources used in the production of new building materials and protect the rights of future generations. The study focuses on recycling building and demolition waste for architecture and building purposes, concentrating on the cost reduction analysis.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 472-501 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.42

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An Analytical Study of the Current Status of White Meat and its Expenditure in Fayoum Governorate

Yehia M.M. Khalil, Fatima A. Shafiq, Soheir Mokhtar and Nagwa M. El-agroudy

ABSTRACT: The research aims to study the current status of protein production from poultry in Egypt. This is in addition to examining its most important economic indicators during the period (2000-2018) and studying the Expenditure Function of the study sample at different income levels. Moreover, the study relied on the secondary data collected from the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics and the Ministry of Agriculture. Besides, it depends mainly on the primary data collected through the questionnaire form for a random sample consisting of 312 families from Fayoum Governorate distributed as follows 147 families from the urban areas of the Fayoum Center, 165 families from the countryside of the Fayoum Center in 2019. The study conspicuously showed the statistically significant increase in the production, consumption, and average per capita share of poultry by about 45, 53.7 thousand tons per year, 8.5 kg / year respectively. Additionally, it becomes obviously clear from the study that the self-sufficiency ratio for each of the poultry showed a significant decrease of about 0.62%. Through studying consumption expenditure on poultry in the three categories of the study sample, it showed that there was a statistically significant direct relationship between expenditure on poultry and each of the monthly income and the number of family members. Besides, there is an inverse relationship with the poultry price in rural and urban areas, and that poultry are a luxury commodity in the first and second category of low income. Additionally, it has been shown that one of the most important causes of the food gap of animal protein is the steady increase in population number, which amounted to about 100 million people in 2019 along with the high level of living (the third category to be addressed by the study for example). Thus, domestic consumption increases, resulting in an increase in the gap size.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 502-506 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.43

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Improving the antimicrobial activity of some probiotics in cereal-based media supplemented with growth enhancers

Kawther El- Shafei, Zeinab I. M. Sadek, Nabil F. Tawfik, Baher A. Effat, Gamal A. Ibrahim, Azzat B. Abd El-Khalek and Osama M. Sharaf

ABSTRACT: Recently, consumers have an increasing awareness of their health risks caused by the use of chemicals as food preservatives. In contrast, the growing need by the dairy industry to extend product shelf-life and prevent spoilage of dairy products has a growing necessity for new preservatives and/or new methods of conservation. An attempt was made to develop such kind of probiotic media mixture which can be utilized to increase antimicrobial production. Probiotic media mixes were developed using locally available ingredients such as some cereals extracts (barely, wheat and oat) and supplements as probiotic growth media (Mushroom and yeast powder) and whey, permeate to enhance the production of antibacterial substances against different spoilage and pathogenic bacteria which can be used as fermented media with probiotic or cell-free supernatants. Our results revealed that Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus curvatus were more antagonistic on the tested pathogens. In case of Lb. curvatus, the inhibitory effect was increased when grown in barely, wheat and oat extracts against the most indicator pathogenic bacteria with variable values. Also, it is clear that mushroom showed more enhancement of antibacterial activity of tested probiotic than yeast extract when supplemented to barley and oats extracts. Generally, the present study confirmed that cereals are suitable substrates for the growth of probiotic bacteria and prepared cheap natural media to improve the production of antimicrobial compounds by probiotics to use as biopreservation in dairy industry for improving the safety of the products.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 507-516 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.44

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Identification, Molecular Characterization of a Phytoplasma Affecting Dodonaea viscosa Plants and Determination of Some Biochemical Constituents in Leaves

Samah A. Mokbel

ABSTRACT: During June-2019, Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. plants showing typical symptoms of phytoplasma infection such as leaf yellowing, severe malformation, and crinkling were observed in the Agricultural experimental fields of Giza, Egypt. The causal agent of the yellows disease was identified based on symptoms, light microscopic observations, graft transmission, and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Light microscopy of hand-cut sections treated with Dienes' stain showed blue areas in the phloem region of infected plants and the xylem stained turquoise. Phytoplasma was successfully grafttransmitted to D. viscosa and Catharanthus roseus plants. Nested-PCR assay was used for detecting the phytoplasma in the naturally infected plants as well as in the grafted plants with the causal agent, which gave the expected products of 1202 bp with the primer pair R16F2n/R16R2. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the amplified region was submitted to the GenBank database (NCBI), followed by the accession number “MT940834”, under Egy-SAM name, and shown to be identical (100%) to the 16S rRNA gene of phytoplasmas that isolated from Vitis vinifera (FJ824597), Muscari armeniacum (MN080270), and Lactuca sativa (KF573456), in Canada, Hungary, and the USA. The aster yellows phytoplasma group (16SrI) was associated with the D. viscosa plants. On the other hand, changes in the chemical contents of infected leaves of D. viscosa plants showed an increase in total flavonoid content with decreasing the content of total phytosterol.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 517-528 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.45

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Plant regeneration of Aloysia citrolodora L. from shoot tip explants

Neveen H. El-Sadat, Ayman I. EL-D. Soliman and O.A.H. El-Zeiny

ABSTRACT: Lemon verbena (Aloysia citrolodora) has a high medicinal value, so this study was conducted to set up a protocol for micropropagation from shoot tip explant when it cultured on four different salt strength (full,3/4,1/2 and 1/4) of MS and WPM media without any growth regulators. Shoot tip explant growth was achieved on MS full strength medium. Shoot proliferation was obtained at relatively high frequency when mini shoots were cultured on MS medium supplemented with BA at (0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 mg/L). Best results were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.2 mg/L BA. The medium containing 0.5 mg/L IBA plus 1.0 g/L A.C was the effective medium for roots formation. In vitro plantlets which produced were successfully transferred to the acclimatization medium Peat moss + Vermiculite (1:1 v/v), and the percentage of the survival plantlets was 91 % under mist condition in the greenhouse of the tissue culture lab.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 529-534 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.46

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Economic and Environmental Study for Added Value of Separation, Treatment and Process of Egyptian Black Sand Monazite Practical Study (Nuclear Material Authority)

Abear F. Ali, Hamed I. Mira and Gehad S. Brakat

ABSTRACT: The River Nile is the second longest river in the world, and carries huge amounts of sediments derived from the denudation of the rock suites all along its course and path. Most of these sediments are including black sands, which derived from mainly the Ethiopian source, which is dominated by igneous and metamorphic rocks. These sediments rich of heavy economic minerals have been deposited along the northern beaches of its branches on the delta coast. The heavy economic minerals include Magnetite, Ilmenite, Rutile, Garnet, Zircon, and Monazite. Monazite is the principal sources of the rare earths, and has been the principal source of thorium. The rare earths in monazite became progressively more important. Rare earth metals are essential ingredients for modern industry and the in development of high technology products in our daily lives. During the last three decades, there has been an explosion in the applications of REE and their alloys in several technology devices such as computer memory, DVDs, rechargeable batteries, autocatalytic converters, super magnets, mobile phones, LED lighting, superconductors, glass additives, fluorescent materials, phosphate binding agents, solar panels and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents.

[ FULL TEXT PDF 535-546 ] DOI: 10.36632/csi/2020.9.3.47

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